按照软件设计文档开始重构代码01

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+# 软件开发文档 - 06. 实现步骤与示例
+
+本文档提供关键功能的具体实现步骤和代码示例，以指导开发过程。
+
+## 1. 添加新设备 (End-to-End)
+
+这是一个从UI到数据库的完整流程示例。
+
+**步骤 1: View (`DeviceListView.xaml`)**
+
+用户点击“添加”按钮，该按钮绑定到ViewModel的 `AddDeviceCommand`。
+
+```xml
+<Button Content="添加设备" Command="{Binding AddDeviceCommand}" />
+```
+
+**步骤 2: ViewModel (`DeviceListViewModel.cs`)**
+
+`AddDeviceCommand` 执行，调用对话框服务来显示一个用于输入新设备信息的窗口。
+
+```csharp
+public ICommand AddDeviceCommand { get; }
+
+public DeviceListViewModel(IDeviceAppService deviceAppService, IDialogService dialogService)
+{
+    _deviceAppService = deviceAppService;
+    _dialogService = dialogService;
+    AddDeviceCommand = new RelayCommand(async () => await ExecuteAddDevice());
+}
+
+private async Task ExecuteAddDevice()
+{
+    var vm = new AddDeviceDialogViewModel(); // 一个专门用于对话框的ViewModel
+    var result = await _dialogService.ShowDialogAsync(vm);
+
+    if (result != null) // 假设对话框返回创建的DTO
+    {
+        await _deviceAppService.CreateDeviceAsync(result);
+        await LoadDevicesAsync(); // 刷新列表
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**步骤 3: Application Service (`DeviceAppService.cs`)**
+
+应用服务接收DTO，将其映射为领域模型，并调用仓储来保存。
+
+```csharp
+public async Task CreateDeviceAsync(CreateDeviceDto deviceDto)
+{
+    // 参数校验
+    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(deviceDto.Name) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(deviceDto.IpAddress))
+    {
+        throw new ArgumentException("设备名称和IP地址不能为空");
+    }
+
+    var device = _mapper.Map<Device>(deviceDto);
+    device.IsActive = true; // 设置默认值
+
+    await _deviceRepository.AddAsync(device);
+}
+```
+
+**步骤 4: Repository (`DeviceRepository.cs`)**
+
+仓储将领域模型映射为数据库实体，并使用 `SqlSugar` 将其插入数据库。
+
+```csharp
+public async Task AddAsync(Device entity)
+{
+    var dbEntity = _mapper.Map<DbDevice>(entity);
+    await _db.Insertable(dbEntity).ExecuteCommandAsync();
+}
+```
+
+## 2. S7数据采集后台服务
+
+后台服务将轮询所有激活的S7设备，读取变量值，并启动数据处理链。
+
+**步骤 1: 创建后台服务 (`S7BackgroundService.cs`)**
+
+这个服务应该是一个长时间运行的服务，可以使用 `IHostedService` (如果项目是.NET Core) 或一个简单的 `Task.Run` 循环。
+
+```csharp
+// 文件: DMS.WPF/Services/S7BackgroundService.cs
+public class S7BackgroundService : IDisposable
+{
+    private readonly IDeviceRepository _deviceRepo;
+    private readonly IS7CommunicationService _s7Service;
+    private readonly DataAcquisitionService _acquisitionService; // 包含处理链逻辑的服务
+    private CancellationTokenSource _cts;
+
+    public S7BackgroundService(IDeviceRepository deviceRepo, IS7CommunicationService s7Service, DataAcquisitionService acquisitionService)
+    {
+        // ... 注入依赖
+    }
+
+    public void Start()
+    {
+        _cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
+        Task.Run(async () => await ExecuteAsync(_cts.Token));
+    }
+
+    protected async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
+    {
+        while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
+        {
+            var activeDevices = await _deviceRepo.GetActiveDevicesWithDetailsAsync();
+
+            foreach (var device in activeDevices.Where(d => d.Protocol == ProtocolType.S7))
+            {
+                await _s7Service.ConnectAsync(device); // 确保连接
+
+                foreach (var table in device.VariableTables.Where(t => t.IsActive))
+                {
+                    foreach (var variable in table.Variables.Where(v => v.IsActive))
+                    {
+                        try
+                        {
+                            var value = await _s7Service.ReadVariableAsync(device, variable);
+                            // 触发数据处理链
+                            await _acquisitionService.OnDataReceived(variable, value);
+                        }
+                        catch (Exception ex)
+                        {
+                            // Log error
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken); // 轮询间隔
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void Stop()
+    {
+        _cts?.Cancel();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**步骤 2: 在 `App.xaml.cs` 中启动服务**
+
+在应用程序启动时，从DI容器获取服务实例并启动它。
+
+```csharp
+// 在 App.xaml.cs OnStartup
+var s7Service = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<S7BackgroundService>();
+s7Service.Start();
+```
+
+## 3. 菜单导航实现
+
+**步骤 1: `MainViewModel`**
+
+```csharp
+public class MainViewModel : BaseViewModel
+{
+    private readonly INavigationService _navigationService;
+    public ICommand NavigateCommand { get; }
+
+    public MainViewModel(INavigationService navigationService)
+    {
+        _navigationService = navigationService;
+        NavigateCommand = new RelayCommand<Type>(OnNavigate);
+    }
+
+    private void OnNavigate(Type viewModelType)
+    {
+        _navigationService.NavigateTo(viewModelType);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**步骤 2: `NavigationService`**
+
+这个服务负责实际的ViewModel切换，它会更新 `MainViewModel` 的 `CurrentViewModel` 属性。
+
+```csharp
+public class NavigationService : INavigationService
+{
+    private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
+    private readonly MainViewModel _mainViewModel; // 持有MainViewModel的引用
+
+    public NavigationService(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, MainViewModel mainViewModel)
+    {
+        _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
+        _mainViewModel = mainViewModel;
+    }
+
+    public void NavigateTo(Type viewModelType)
+    {
+        var viewModel = (BaseViewModel)_serviceProvider.GetRequiredService(viewModelType);
+        _mainViewModel.CurrentViewModel = viewModel;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**步骤 3: View (`MainWindow.xaml`)**
+
+`ContentControl` 绑定到 `CurrentViewModel`，并使用 `DataTemplate` 来根据ViewModel的类型选择对应的View。
+
+```xml
+<ContentControl Content="{Binding CurrentViewModel}">
+    <ContentControl.Resources>
+        <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:DashboardViewModel}">
+            <views:DashboardView />
+        </DataTemplate>
+        <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:DeviceListViewModel}">
+            <views:DeviceListView />
+        </DataTemplate>
+        <!-- 其他模板 -->
+    </ContentControl.Resources>
+</ContentControl>
+```