添加了事件服务，并完成了设备状态改变后写入数据库

DMS.Application/Events/DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs.cs

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+using System;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Events;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 设备状态改变事件参数
+/// </summary>
+public class DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs : EventArgs
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 设备ID
+    /// </summary>
+    public int DeviceId { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 设备名称
+    /// </summary>
+    public string DeviceName { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 旧状态
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool OldStatus { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 新状态
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool NewStatus { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 状态改变时间
+    /// </summary>
+    public DateTime ChangeTime { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 初始化DeviceStatusChangedEventArgs类的新实例
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="deviceId">设备ID</param>
+    /// <param name="deviceName">设备名称</param>
+    /// <param name="oldStatus">旧状态</param>
+    /// <param name="newStatus">新状态</param>
+    public DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs(int deviceId, string deviceName, bool oldStatus, bool newStatus)
+    {
+        DeviceId = deviceId;
+        DeviceName = deviceName;
+        OldStatus = oldStatus;
+        NewStatus = newStatus;
+        ChangeTime = DateTime.Now;
+    }
+}

DMS.Application/Events/MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs.cs

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+using System;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Events;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// MQTT连接状态改变事件参数
+/// </summary>
+public class MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs : EventArgs
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// MQTT服务器ID
+    /// </summary>
+    public int MqttServerId { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// MQTT服务器名称
+    /// </summary>
+    public string MqttServerName { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 旧连接状态
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool OldConnectionStatus { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 新连接状态
+    /// </summary>
+    public bool NewConnectionStatus { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 状态改变时间
+    /// </summary>
+    public DateTime ChangeTime { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 初始化MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs类的新实例
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="mqttServerId">MQTT服务器ID</param>
+    /// <param name="mqttServerName">MQTT服务器名称</param>
+    /// <param name="oldStatus">旧连接状态</param>
+    /// <param name="newStatus">新连接状态</param>
+    public MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs(int mqttServerId, string mqttServerName, bool oldStatus, bool newStatus)
+    {
+        MqttServerId = mqttServerId;
+        MqttServerName = mqttServerName;
+        OldConnectionStatus = oldStatus;
+        NewConnectionStatus = newStatus;
+        ChangeTime = DateTime.Now;
+    }
+}

DMS.Application/Events/VariableValueChangedEventArgs.cs

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+using System;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Events;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 变量值改变事件参数
+/// </summary>
+public class VariableValueChangedEventArgs : EventArgs
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 变量ID
+    /// </summary>
+    public int VariableId { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 变量名称
+    /// </summary>
+    public string VariableName { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 旧值
+    /// </summary>
+    public string OldValue { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 新值
+    /// </summary>
+    public string NewValue { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 值改变时间
+    /// </summary>
+    public DateTime ChangeTime { get; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 初始化VariableValueChangedEventArgs类的新实例
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="variableId">变量ID</param>
+    /// <param name="variableName">变量名称</param>
+    /// <param name="oldValue">旧值</param>
+    /// <param name="newValue">新值</param>
+    public VariableValueChangedEventArgs(int variableId, string variableName, string oldValue, string newValue)
+    {
+        VariableId = variableId;
+        VariableName = variableName;
+        OldValue = oldValue;
+        NewValue = newValue;
+        ChangeTime = DateTime.Now;
+    }
+}

DMS.Application/Interfaces/IDeviceMonitoringService.cs

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+using System;
+using DMS.Application.Events;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Interfaces;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 设备监视服务接口，用于监视设备的状态变化
+/// </summary>
+public interface IDeviceMonitoringService
+{
+}

DMS.Application/Interfaces/IEventService.cs

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+using System;
+using DMS.Application.Events;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Interfaces;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 事件服务接口，用于统一管理应用程序中的各种事件
+/// </summary>
+public interface IEventService
+{
+    #region 设备事件
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 设备状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    event EventHandler<DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs> OnDeviceActiveChanged;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 触发设备状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="sender">事件发送者</param>
+    /// <param name="e">设备状态改变事件参数</param>
+    void RaiseDeviceStatusChanged(object sender, DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs e);
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region 变量事件
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 变量值改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    event EventHandler<VariableValueChangedEventArgs> VariableValueChanged;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 触发变量值改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="sender">事件发送者</param>
+    /// <param name="e">变量值改变事件参数</param>
+    void RaiseVariableValueChanged(object sender, VariableValueChangedEventArgs e);
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region MQTT事件
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// MQTT连接状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    event EventHandler<MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs> MqttConnectionChanged;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 触发MQTT连接状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="sender">事件发送者</param>
+    /// <param name="e">MQTT连接状态改变事件参数</param>
+    void RaiseMqttConnectionChanged(object sender, MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs e);
+
+    #endregion
+}

DMS.Application/Services/EventService.cs

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+using System;
+using DMS.Application.Events;
+using DMS.Application.Interfaces;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Services;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 事件服务实现类，用于统一管理应用程序中的各种事件
+/// </summary>
+public class EventService : IEventService
+{
+    #region 设备事件
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 设备状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    public event EventHandler<DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs> OnDeviceActiveChanged;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 触发设备状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="sender">事件发送者</param>
+    /// <param name="e">设备状态改变事件参数</param>
+    public void RaiseDeviceStatusChanged(object sender, DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs e)
+    {
+        OnDeviceActiveChanged?.Invoke(sender, e);
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region 变量事件
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 变量值改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    public event EventHandler<VariableValueChangedEventArgs> VariableValueChanged;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 触发变量值改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="sender">事件发送者</param>
+    /// <param name="e">变量值改变事件参数</param>
+    public void RaiseVariableValueChanged(object sender, VariableValueChangedEventArgs e)
+    {
+        VariableValueChanged?.Invoke(sender, e);
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+
+    #region MQTT事件
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// MQTT连接状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    public event EventHandler<MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs> MqttConnectionChanged;
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 触发MQTT连接状态改变事件
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="sender">事件发送者</param>
+    /// <param name="e">MQTT连接状态改变事件参数</param>
+    public void RaiseMqttConnectionChanged(object sender, MqttConnectionChangedEventArgs e)
+    {
+        MqttConnectionChanged?.Invoke(sender, e);
+    }
+
+    #endregion
+}

DMS.Application/Services/Monitoring/DeviceMonitoringService.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DMS.Application.Events;
+using DMS.Application.Interfaces;
+using DMS.Core.Models;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+
+namespace DMS.Application.Services;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 设备监视服务实现类，用于监视设备的状态变化
+/// </summary>
+public class DeviceMonitoringService : IDeviceMonitoringService, IDisposable
+{
+    private readonly ILogger<DeviceMonitoringService> _logger;
+    private readonly IEventService _eventService;
+    private readonly IAppDataStorageService _appDataStorageService;
+    private readonly IAppDataCenterService _appDataCenterService;
+
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 初始化DeviceMonitoringService类的新实例
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="logger">日志记录器</param>
+    /// <param name="deviceAppService">设备应用服务</param>
+    public DeviceMonitoringService(ILogger<DeviceMonitoringService> logger, IEventService eventService,
+                                   IAppDataStorageService appDataStorageService,
+                                   IAppDataCenterService appDataCenterService)
+    {
+        _logger = logger;
+        _eventService = eventService;
+        _appDataStorageService = appDataStorageService;
+        _appDataCenterService = appDataCenterService;
+        _eventService.OnDeviceActiveChanged += OnDeviceActiveChanged;
+    }
+
+    private void OnDeviceActiveChanged(object? sender, DeviceActiveChangedEventArgs e)
+    {
+        if (_appDataStorageService.Devices.TryGetValue(e.DeviceId, out var device))
+        {
+            if (device.IsActive != e.NewStatus)
+            {
+                device.IsActive = e.NewStatus;
+                _appDataCenterService.DeviceManagementService.UpdateDeviceAsync(device);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void Dispose()
+    {
+        _eventService.OnDeviceActiveChanged -= OnDeviceActiveChanged;
+    }
+}