diff --git a/DMS.Application/Events/VariableChangedEventArgs.cs b/DMS.Application/Events/VariableChangedEventArgs.cs
index a094943..a9c47c0 100644
--- a/DMS.Application/Events/VariableChangedEventArgs.cs
+++ b/DMS.Application/Events/VariableChangedEventArgs.cs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace DMS.Application.Events
         /// <summary>
         /// 变更类型
         /// </summary>
-        public DataChangeType ChangeType { get; }
+        public ActionChangeType ChangeType { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// 变量DTO
@@ -19,27 +19,21 @@ namespace DMS.Application.Events
         public VariableDto Variable { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// 关联的变量表DTO
+        /// 发生变化的属性类型
         /// </summary>
-        public VariableTableDto VariableTable { get; }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// 变更时间
-        /// </summary>
-        public DateTime ChangeTime { get; }
+        public VariablePropertyType PropertyType { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// 构造函数
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="changeType">变更类型</param>
         /// <param name="variable">变量DTO</param>
-        /// <param name="variableTable">关联的变量表DTO</param>
-        public VariableChangedEventArgs(DataChangeType changeType, VariableDto variable, VariableTableDto variableTable)
+        /// <param name="propertyType">发生变化的属性类型</param>
+        public VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType changeType, VariableDto variable, VariablePropertyType propertyType = VariablePropertyType.All)
         {
             ChangeType = changeType;
             Variable = variable;
-            VariableTable = variableTable;
-            ChangeTime = DateTime.Now;
+            PropertyType = propertyType;
         }
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/DMS.Application/Services/Management/VariableManagementService.cs b/DMS.Application/Services/Management/VariableManagementService.cs
index 22c8053..7bdac17 100644
--- a/DMS.Application/Services/Management/VariableManagementService.cs
+++ b/DMS.Application/Services/Management/VariableManagementService.cs
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public class VariableManagementService : IVariableManagementService
             if (_appDataStorageService.Variables.TryAdd(result.Id, result))
             {
                 _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
-                    this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(DataChangeType.Added, result, variableTableDto));
+                    this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Added, result));
             }
         }
         
@@ -88,15 +88,35 @@ public class VariableManagementService : IVariableManagementService
         // 更新成功后，更新内存中的变量
         if (result > 0 && variableDto != null)
         {
-            VariableTableDto variableTableDto = null;
-            if (_appDataStorageService.VariableTables.TryGetValue(variableDto.VariableTableId, out var variableTable))
+            if (_appDataStorageService.Variables.TryGetValue(variableDto.Id, out var mVariableDto))
             {
-                variableTableDto = variableTable;
-            }
+                // 比较旧值和新值，确定哪个属性发生了变化
+                var changedProperties = GetChangedProperties(mVariableDto, variableDto);
+                
+                // 更新内存中的变量
+                UpdateVariableInMemory(mVariableDto, variableDto);
 
-            _appDataStorageService.Variables.AddOrUpdate(variableDto.Id, variableDto, (key, oldValue) => variableDto);
-            _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
-                this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(DataChangeType.Updated, variableDto, variableTableDto));
+                // 为每个发生变化的属性触发事件
+                foreach (var property in changedProperties)
+                {
+                    _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
+                        this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Updated, variableDto, property));
+                }
+                
+                // 如果没有任何属性发生变化，至少触发一次更新事件
+                if (changedProperties.Count == 0)
+                {
+                    _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
+                        this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Updated, variableDto, VariablePropertyType.All));
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // 如果内存中不存在该变量，则直接添加
+                _appDataStorageService.Variables.TryAdd(variableDto.Id, variableDto);
+                _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
+                    this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Added, variableDto, VariablePropertyType.All));
+            }
         }
         
         return result;
@@ -114,20 +134,35 @@ public class VariableManagementService : IVariableManagementService
         {
             foreach (var variableDto in variableDtos)
             {
-                VariableTableDto variableTableDto = null;
-                if (_appDataStorageService.VariableTables.TryGetValue(variableDto.VariableTableId, out var variableTable))
+                if (_appDataStorageService.Variables.TryGetValue(variableDto.Id, out var mVariableDto))
                 {
-                    variableTableDto = variableTable;
-                }
+                    // 比较旧值和新值，确定哪个属性发生了变化
+                    var changedProperties = GetChangedProperties(mVariableDto, variableDto);
+                    
+                    // 更新内存中的变量
+                    UpdateVariableInMemory(mVariableDto, variableDto);
 
-                if (_appDataStorageService.Variables.TryGetValue(variableDto.Id,out var mVariableDto))
+                    // 为每个发生变化的属性触发事件
+                    foreach (var property in changedProperties)
+                    {
+                        _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
+                            this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Updated, variableDto, property));
+                    }
+                    
+                    // 如果没有任何属性发生变化，至少触发一次更新事件
+                    if (changedProperties.Count == 0)
+                    {
+                        _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
+                            this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Updated, variableDto, VariablePropertyType.All));
+                    }
+                }
+                else
                 {
-                    _mapper.Map(variableDto, mVariableDto);
+                    // 如果内存中不存在该变量，则直接添加
+                    _appDataStorageService.Variables.TryAdd(variableDto.Id, variableDto);
+                    _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
+                        this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Added, variableDto, VariablePropertyType.All));
                 }
-
-                // _appDataStorageService.Variables.AddOrUpdate(variableDto.Id, variableDto, (key, oldValue) => variableDto);
-                _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
-                    this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(DataChangeType.Updated, variableDto, variableTableDto));
             }
         }
         
@@ -155,7 +190,7 @@ public class VariableManagementService : IVariableManagementService
                 }
 
                 _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
-                    this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(DataChangeType.Deleted, variableDto, variableTableDto));
+                    this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Deleted, variableDto));
             }
         }
         
@@ -192,6 +227,85 @@ public class VariableManagementService : IVariableManagementService
         return await _variableAppService.FindExistingVariablesAsync(variablesToCheck);
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 获取发生变化的属性列表
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="oldVariable">旧变量值</param>
+    /// <param name="newVariable">新变量值</param>
+    /// <returns>发生变化的属性列表</returns>
+    private List<VariablePropertyType> GetChangedProperties(VariableDto oldVariable, VariableDto newVariable)
+    {
+        var changedProperties = new List<VariablePropertyType>();
+
+        if (oldVariable.Name != newVariable.Name)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.Name);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.S7Address != newVariable.S7Address)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.S7Address);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.DataType != newVariable.DataType)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.DataType);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.ConversionFormula != newVariable.ConversionFormula)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.ConversionFormula);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.OpcUaUpdateType != newVariable.OpcUaUpdateType)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.OpcUaUpdateType);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.MqttAliases != newVariable.MqttAliases)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.MqttAlias);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.Description != newVariable.Description)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.Description);
+        
+        if (oldVariable.VariableTableId != newVariable.VariableTableId)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.VariableTableId);
+
+        if (oldVariable.DataValue != newVariable.DataValue)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.Value);
+            
+        if (oldVariable.IsActive != newVariable.IsActive)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.IsActive);
+            
+        if (oldVariable.OpcUaNodeId != newVariable.OpcUaNodeId)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.OpcUaNodeId);
+            
+        if (oldVariable.PollingInterval != newVariable.PollingInterval)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.PollingInterval);
+            
+        if (oldVariable.SignalType != newVariable.SignalType)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.SignalType);
+            
+        if (oldVariable.Protocol != newVariable.Protocol)
+            changedProperties.Add(VariablePropertyType.Protocol);
+
+        return changedProperties;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 更新内存中的变量
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="oldVariable">内存中的变量</param>
+    /// <param name="newVariable">更新后的变量</param>
+    private void UpdateVariableInMemory(VariableDto oldVariable, VariableDto newVariable)
+    {
+        oldVariable.Name = newVariable.Name;
+        oldVariable.S7Address = newVariable.S7Address;
+        oldVariable.DataType = newVariable.DataType;
+        oldVariable.ConversionFormula = newVariable.ConversionFormula;
+        oldVariable.OpcUaUpdateType = newVariable.OpcUaUpdateType;
+        oldVariable.MqttAliases = newVariable.MqttAliases;
+        oldVariable.Description = newVariable.Description;
+        oldVariable.VariableTableId = newVariable.VariableTableId;
+        oldVariable.DataValue = newVariable.DataValue;
+        oldVariable.UpdatedAt = newVariable.UpdatedAt;
+        oldVariable.IsActive = newVariable.IsActive;
+        oldVariable.OpcUaNodeId = newVariable.OpcUaNodeId;
+        oldVariable.PollingInterval = newVariable.PollingInterval;
+        oldVariable.SignalType = newVariable.SignalType;
+        oldVariable.Protocol = newVariable.Protocol;
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// 异步批量删除变量。
     /// </summary>
@@ -214,7 +328,7 @@ public class VariableManagementService : IVariableManagementService
                     }
 
                     _eventService.RaiseVariableChanged(
-                        this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(DataChangeType.Deleted, variableDto, variableTableDto));
+                        this, new VariableChangedEventArgs(ActionChangeType.Deleted, variableDto));
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/DMS.Core/Enums/ActionChangeType.cs b/DMS.Core/Enums/ActionChangeType.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aaf5330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/DMS.Core/Enums/ActionChangeType.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+namespace DMS.Core.Enums
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 操作变更类型枚举
+    /// </summary>
+    public enum ActionChangeType
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 添加
+        /// </summary>
+        Added,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 更新
+        /// </summary>
+        Updated,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 删除
+        /// </summary>
+        Deleted,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 加载
+        /// </summary>
+        Loaded,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 批量操作
+        /// </summary>
+        BatchOperation
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/DMS.Core/Enums/VariablePropertyType.cs b/DMS.Core/Enums/VariablePropertyType.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fc5fea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/DMS.Core/Enums/VariablePropertyType.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+namespace DMS.Core.Enums
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 变量属性类型枚举
+    /// </summary>
+    public enum VariablePropertyType
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 名称
+        /// </summary>
+        Name,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 地址
+        /// </summary>
+        Address,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 数据类型
+        /// </summary>
+        DataType,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 转换公式
+        /// </summary>
+        ConversionFormula,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// OPC UA 更新类型
+        /// </summary>
+        OpcUaUpdateType,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// MQTT 别名
+        /// </summary>
+        MqttAlias,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 描述
+        /// </summary>
+        Description,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 单位
+        /// </summary>
+        Unit,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 最小值
+        /// </summary>
+        MinValue,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 最大值
+        /// </summary>
+        MaxValue,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 默认值
+        /// </summary>
+        DefaultValue,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 是否激活
+        /// </summary>
+        IsActive,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 访问类型
+        /// </summary>
+        AccessType,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 读写类型
+        /// </summary>
+        ReadWriteType,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 变量表ID
+        /// </summary>
+        VariableTableId,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 值
+        /// </summary>
+        Value,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// S7地址
+        /// </summary>
+        S7Address,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// OPC UA节点ID
+        /// </summary>
+        OpcUaNodeId,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 轮询间隔
+        /// </summary>
+        PollingInterval,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 信号类型
+        /// </summary>
+        SignalType,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 协议类型
+        /// </summary>
+        Protocol,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// 所有属性
+        /// </summary>
+        All
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file