6.5 KiB
6.5 KiB
软件开发文档 - 07. S7后台服务设计 (修订版)
本文档详细阐述了S7协议后台服务的设计。此修订版采纳了**“编排者-代理” (Orchestrator-Agent)** 模式,并与中央的 IChannelBus 服务集成,以实现高效、健壮且动态的设备通信。
1. 核心架构
S7BackgroundService(编排者): 一个单例的托管服务 (IHostedService),作为所有S7通信的总指挥。它不直接与PLC交互,而是负责创建、管理和销毁每个设备专属的S7DeviceAgent。S7DeviceAgent(代理): 一个专门负责与单个S7 PLC进行所有通信的代理类。它管理着与该PLC的连接,并根据不同的轮询率并行地读取变量。DataProcessingService(消费者): 一个独立的消费者服务,它从IChannelBus获取数据处理队列,并执行后续的数据处理链和UI通知。
2. DMS.Core 模型扩展
为支持按频率轮询和存储设备连接参数,Device 和 Variable 模型需要扩展。
// 文件: DMS.Core/Enums/PollLevelType.cs (新增)
public enum PollLevelType { Off, High, Medium, Low }
// 文件: DMS.Core/Models/Device.cs (修改)
public class Device
{
// ...
public int Rack { get; set; } // 机架号
public int Slot { get; set; } // 槽号
}
// 文件: DMS.Core/Models/Variable.cs (修改)
public class Variable
{
// ...
public PollLevelType PollLevel { get; set; }
[NotMapped] // 此属性不在数据库中,仅用于运行时
public object DataValue { get; set; }
}
3. DMS.Infrastructure 服务实现
3.1. S7DeviceAgent.cs (代理)
代理类现在通过 IChannelBus 获取队列写入器,实现了与队列管理逻辑的解耦。
// 文件: DMS.Infrastructure/Services/S7DeviceAgent.cs
using DMS.WPF.Services; // 引用 IChannelBus
using System.Threading.Channels;
public class S7DeviceAgent : IAsyncDisposable
{
private readonly Device _deviceConfig;
private readonly ChannelWriter<VariableContext> _processingQueueWriter;
private readonly Plc _plcClient;
private CancellationTokenSource _cts;
private List<Variable> _highFreqVars, _mediumFreqVars, _lowFreqVars;
public S7DeviceAgent(Device device, IChannelBus channelBus, IMessenger messenger)
{
_deviceConfig = device;
_plcClient = new Plc(/*...*/);
// 从中央总线获取指定名称的通道的写入端
_processingQueueWriter = channelBus.GetWriter<VariableContext>("DataProcessingQueue");
}
public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken token = default) { /*...*/ }
// 热重载方法,用于响应配置变更
public void UpdateVariableLists(List<Variable> allActiveVariables) { /*...*/ }
private async Task PollingLoopAsync(List<Variable> varsToRead, int interval, CancellationToken token)
{
while (!token.IsCancellationRequested)
{
if (!varsToRead.Any()) { await Task.Delay(interval, token); continue; }
try
{
await _plcClient.ReadMultipleVarsAsync(varsToRead);
foreach (var variable in varsToRead)
{
var context = new VariableContext(variable, variable.DataValue);
await _processingQueueWriter.WriteAsync(context, token);
}
}
catch (Exception ex) { /* Log error */ }
await Task.Delay(interval, token);
}
}
public async ValueTask DisposeAsync() { /*...*/ }
}
3.2. S7BackgroundService.cs (编排者)
编排者注入 IChannelBus 并将其传递给它创建的每一个代理。
// 文件: DMS.Infrastructure/Services/S7BackgroundService.cs
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
public class S7BackgroundService : IHostedService
{
private readonly IRepositoryManager _repoManager;
private readonly IChannelBus _channelBus;
private readonly IMessenger _messenger;
private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<int, S7DeviceAgent> _activeAgents = new();
public S7BackgroundService(IRepositoryManager repo, IChannelBus channelBus, IMessenger messenger)
{
_repoManager = repo;
_channelBus = channelBus;
_messenger = messenger;
_messenger.Register<ConfigChangedMessage>(this, async (r, m) => await HandleConfigChange(m));
}
public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var s7Devices = await _repoManager.Devices.GetActiveDevicesWithDetailsAsync(ProtocolType.S7);
foreach (var device in s7Devices)
{
var agent = new S7DeviceAgent(device, _channelBus, _messenger);
if (_activeAgents.TryAdd(device.Id, agent))
{
await agent.StartAsync(cancellationToken);
}
}
// 启动数据处理消费者
var dataProcessor = new DataProcessingService(_channelBus, _messenger, _repoManager);
_ = dataProcessor.StartProcessingAsync(cancellationToken); // 在后台运行,不阻塞启动
}
private async Task HandleConfigChange(ConfigChangedMessage message) { /* ... */ }
public async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { /* ... */ }
}
3.3. DataProcessingService.cs (消费者)
消费者同样从 IChannelBus 获取队列读取器。
// 文件: DMS.Infrastructure/Services/DataProcessingService.cs
public class DataProcessingService
{
private readonly ChannelReader<VariableContext> _queueReader;
private readonly IMessenger _messenger;
// ... 注入处理链需要的服务
public DataProcessingService(IChannelBus channelBus, IMessenger messenger, IRepositoryManager repo)
{
_queueReader = channelBus.GetReader<VariableContext>("DataProcessingQueue");
_messenger = messenger;
// ...
}
public async Task StartProcessingAsync(CancellationToken token)
{
await foreach (var context in _queueReader.ReadAllAsync(token))
{
// 1. 执行数据处理链...
// 2. 发送UI更新消息
_messenger.Send(new VariableValueUpdatedMessage(context.Variable.Id, context.CurrentValue));
}
}
}
4. UI层 (DMS.WPF)
UI层需要定义 VariableItemViewModel 来响应 VariableValueUpdatedMessage 消息,从而实现实时数据显示。当用户在前台修改配置(如添加变量)后,应发送 ConfigChangedMessage 消息,S7BackgroundService 会捕获此消息并触发对应 S7DeviceAgent 的热重载逻辑。