174 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
174 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
# 软件开发文档 - S7后台服务设计
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本文档详细阐述了S7协议后台服务的设计。此修订版采纳了**“编排者-代理” (Orchestrator-Agent)** 模式,并与中央的 **`IChannelBus`** 服务集成,以实现高效、健壮且动态的设备通信。
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## 1. 核心架构
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* **`S7BackgroundService` (编排者)**: 一个单例的托管服务 (`IHostedService`),作为所有S7通信的总指挥。它不直接与PLC交互,而是负责创建、管理和销毁每个设备专属的 `S7DeviceAgent`。
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* **`S7DeviceAgent` (代理)**: 一个专门负责与**单个**S7 PLC进行所有通信的代理类。它管理着与该PLC的连接,并根据不同的轮询率并行地读取变量。
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* **`DataProcessingService` (消费者)**: 一个独立的消费者服务,它从 `IChannelBus` 获取数据处理队列,并执行后续的数据处理链和UI通知。
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## 2. `DMS.Core` 模型扩展
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为支持按频率轮询和存储设备连接参数,`Device` 和 `Variable` 模型需要扩展。
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```csharp
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// 文件: DMS.Core/Enums/PollLevelType.cs (新增)
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public enum PollLevelType { Off, High, Medium, Low }
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// 文件: DMS.Core/Models/Device.cs (修改)
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public class Device
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{
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// ...
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public int Rack { get; set; } // 机架号
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public int Slot { get; set; } // 槽号
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}
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// 文件: DMS.Core/Models/Variable.cs (修改)
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public class Variable
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{
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// ...
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public PollLevelType PollLevel { get; set; }
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[NotMapped] // 此属性不在数据库中,仅用于运行时
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public object DataValue { get; set; }
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}
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```
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## 3. `DMS.Infrastructure` 服务实现
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### 3.1. `S7DeviceAgent.cs` (代理)
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代理类现在通过 `IChannelBus` 获取队列写入器,实现了与队列管理逻辑的解耦。
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```csharp
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// 文件: DMS.Infrastructure/Services/S7DeviceAgent.cs
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using DMS.WPF.Services; // 引用 IChannelBus
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using System.Threading.Channels;
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public class S7DeviceAgent : IAsyncDisposable
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{
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private readonly Device _deviceConfig;
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private readonly ChannelWriter<VariableContext> _processingQueueWriter;
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private readonly Plc _plcClient;
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private CancellationTokenSource _cts;
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private List<Variable> _highFreqVars, _mediumFreqVars, _lowFreqVars;
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public S7DeviceAgent(Device device, IChannelBus channelBus, IMessenger messenger)
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{
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_deviceConfig = device;
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_plcClient = new Plc(/*...*/);
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// 从中央总线获取指定名称的通道的写入端
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_processingQueueWriter = channelBus.GetWriter<VariableContext>("DataProcessingQueue");
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}
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public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken token = default) { /*...*/ }
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// 热重载方法,用于响应配置变更
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public void UpdateVariableLists(List<Variable> allActiveVariables) { /*...*/ }
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private async Task PollingLoopAsync(List<Variable> varsToRead, int interval, CancellationToken token)
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{
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while (!token.IsCancellationRequested)
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{
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if (!varsToRead.Any()) { await Task.Delay(interval, token); continue; }
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try
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{
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await _plcClient.ReadMultipleVarsAsync(varsToRead);
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foreach (var variable in varsToRead)
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{
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var context = new VariableContext(variable, variable.DataValue);
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await _processingQueueWriter.WriteAsync(context, token);
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}
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}
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catch (Exception ex) { /* Log error */ }
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await Task.Delay(interval, token);
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}
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}
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public async ValueTask DisposeAsync() { /*...*/ }
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}
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```
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### 3.2. `S7BackgroundService.cs` (编排者)
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编排者注入 `IChannelBus` 并将其传递给它创建的每一个代理。
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```csharp
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// 文件: DMS.Infrastructure/Services/S7BackgroundService.cs
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using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
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public class S7BackgroundService : IHostedService
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{
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private readonly IRepositoryManager _repoManager;
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private readonly IChannelBus _channelBus;
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private readonly IMessenger _messenger;
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private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<int, S7DeviceAgent> _activeAgents = new();
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public S7BackgroundService(IRepositoryManager repo, IChannelBus channelBus, IMessenger messenger)
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{
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_repoManager = repo;
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_channelBus = channelBus;
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_messenger = messenger;
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_messenger.Register<ConfigChangedMessage>(this, async (r, m) => await HandleConfigChange(m));
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}
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public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
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{
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var s7Devices = await _repoManager.Devices.GetActiveDevicesWithDetailsAsync(ProtocolType.S7);
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foreach (var device in s7Devices)
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{
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var agent = new S7DeviceAgent(device, _channelBus, _messenger);
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if (_activeAgents.TryAdd(device.Id, agent))
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{
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await agent.StartAsync(cancellationToken);
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}
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}
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// 启动数据处理消费者
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var dataProcessor = new DataProcessingService(_channelBus, _messenger, _repoManager);
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_ = dataProcessor.StartProcessingAsync(cancellationToken); // 在后台运行,不阻塞启动
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}
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private async Task HandleConfigChange(ConfigChangedMessage message) { /* ... */ }
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public async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) { /* ... */ }
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}
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```
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### 3.3. `DataProcessingService.cs` (消费者)
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消费者同样从 `IChannelBus` 获取队列读取器。
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```csharp
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// 文件: DMS.Infrastructure/Services/DataProcessingService.cs
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public class DataProcessingService
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{
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private readonly ChannelReader<VariableContext> _queueReader;
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private readonly IMessenger _messenger;
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// ... 注入处理链需要的服务
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public DataProcessingService(IChannelBus channelBus, IMessenger messenger, IRepositoryManager repo)
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{
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_queueReader = channelBus.GetReader<VariableContext>("DataProcessingQueue");
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_messenger = messenger;
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// ...
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}
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public async Task StartProcessingAsync(CancellationToken token)
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{
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await foreach (var context in _queueReader.ReadAllAsync(token))
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{
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// 1. 执行数据处理链...
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// 2. 发送UI更新消息
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_messenger.Send(new VariableValueUpdatedMessage(context.Variable.Id, context.CurrentValue));
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## 4. UI层 (`DMS.WPF`)
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UI层需要定义 `VariableItemViewModel` 来响应 `VariableValueUpdatedMessage` 消息,从而实现实时数据显示。当用户在前台修改配置(如添加变量)后,应发送 `ConfigChangedMessage` 消息,`S7BackgroundService` 会捕获此消息并触发对应 `S7DeviceAgent` 的热重载逻辑。
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